點擊“意法半導體PDSA",關注我們!

摘要
本文將探討如何在雪崩工作條件下評估SiC MOSFET的魯棒性。MOSFET功率變換器,特別是電動汽車驅動電機功率變換器,需要能夠耐受一定的工作條件。如果器件在續流導通期間出現失效或柵極驅動命令信號錯誤,就會致使變換器功率開關管在雪崩條件下工作。因此,本文通過模擬雪崩事件,進行非鉗位感性負載開關測試,并使用不同的SiC MOSFET器件,按照不同的測試條件,評估技術的失效能量和魯棒性。
引語
雪崩事件

(a)

(b)





魯棒性評估和雪崩測試





為了清楚起見,只給出了RG =4.7Ω和47Ω兩種情況的波形。我們觀察到,失效電流不受RGL的影響。圖6(b)顯示了D1,D2和D3三組的平均EAV。
注意到EAV失效能量略有降低,可忽略不計,因此,可以得出結論,在UIS測試條件下,這些SiC MOSFET的魯棒性與RG無關。
圖7(a)和(b)所示是按照測試條件B,在L=50?H和1mH時,各做一次UIS測試的失效波形,為簡單起見,只從SiC MOSFET D3中抽取一個典型樣品做實驗。
在提高負載電感后,電感器儲存的能量增加,因此,失效電流減小。



【圖7:UIS對L最終測試結果 (a) 在L=50?H時, D3樣品的VDS 和 ID 典型值 (b)在L=1mH時, D3樣品的VDS 和 ID 典型值 (c) 平均失效能量EAV.】




結論
本文探討了在SiC MOSFET應用中需要考慮的可能致使功率器件處于雪崩狀態的工作條件。為了評估SiC MOSFET的魯棒性,本文通過實驗測試評估了雪崩能量,最后還用三款特性不同的SiC MOSFET做對比測試,定義導致器件失效的最大雪崩能量。雪崩能量與芯片面積成正比,并且是柵極電阻、負載電感和外殼溫度的函數。
這種在分立器件上進行的雪崩耐量分析,引起使用電源模塊開發應用的設計人員的高度關注,因為電源模塊是由許多并聯芯片組成,這些芯片的魯棒性需要高度一致,必須進行專門的測試分析。此外,對于特定的應用,例如,汽車應用,評估雪崩條件下的魯棒性,可以考慮使用單脈沖雪崩測試和重復雪崩測試方法。這是一個重點課題,將是近期評估活動的目標。
[4] A. Hanif, Y. Yu, D. DeVoto and F.Khan “A Comprehensive Review Toward the State-of-the-Art in Failure and Lifetime Predictions of Power Electronic Devices,” IEEE Trans. On Pow. Elect.vol.34, no.5, pp. 4729- 4746 May2019.
[5] B. Mirafzal “Survey of Fault-Tolerance Techniques for Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Elec. Vol.61, no.10,pp. 5192-5202, Oct.2014.
[6] F.Richardeau, P. Baudesson, T. A. Meynard “Failures-Tolerance and Remedial Strategies of a PWM Multicell Inverter,” IEEE Trans. Power Elec., vol. 17, no.6, pp 905-912, Nov.2002.
[7] A. Fayyaz, G. Romano, J. Urresti, M.Riccio, A. Castellazzi, A. Irace, and N. Wright, “A Comprehensive Study on the Avalanche Breakdown Robustness of Silicon Carbide Power MOSFETs”, Energies,vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 452-466, 2017.
[8] M.D. Kelley, B. N. Pushpakaran and Stephen B. Bayne “Single-Pulse Avalanche Mode Robustness of Commercial 1200 V/80 mΩ SiC MOSFETs,” IEEE Trans. On Pow. Elec.Vol. 32, no.8, pp. 6405-6415, Aug. 2017.
[9] I. Dchar, M.Zolkos, C. Buttay, H. Morel “Robustness of SiC MOSFET under Avalanche Conditions”, 2017 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)
[10]N. Ren, H. Hu, K. L. Wang, Z. Zuo, R. Li, K. Sheng“Investigation on Single Pulse Avalanche Failure of 900V SiC MOSFETs” Int. Symp. On Power Semic. Dev.& ICs, May 13-17, 2018.
[11]J. Wei, S. Liu, S. Li, J. Fang, T. Li, and W. Sun“Comprehensive Investigations on Degradations of Dynamic Characteristics for SiC Power MOSFETs under Repetitive Avalanche Shocks,” IEEE Trans. on Power Elec. Vol.: 34, no: 3, pp. 2748– 2757, March 2019
[12]J. Hu, O. Alatise, J. Angel Ortiz Gonzalez, R.Bonyadi, P. Alexakis, L. Ran and P. Mawby “Robustness and Balancing of Parallel-Connected Power Devices: SiC Versus Cool MOS,” IEEE Trans. On Ind. Elec.Vol. 63, no.4, pp.2092-2102 April 2016.
[13]M. Nawaz“Evaluation of SiC MOSFET power modules under unclamped inductive switching test environment”, Journal of Microelec. Reliability, vol. 63, pp. 97-103,2016.
[14]H. Chen, D. Divan “High Speed Switching Issues of HighPower Rated Silicon-Carbide Devices and the Mitigation Methods” 2015 ECCE,pp.2254-2260.
[15]M.Pulvirenti, L. Salvo, G. Scelba, A.G. Sciacca, M. Nania, G. Scarcella, M.Cacciato, “Characterization and Modeling of SiC MOSFETs Turn On in a Half Bridge Converter”2019 IEEE En. Conv. Cong. and Expo. (ECCE2019).
[16]M. Pulvirenti, G. Monotoro, M.Nania, R. Scollo, G. Scelba, M. Cacciato, G. Scarcella, L. Salvo “Analysis of Transient Gate-Source Over Voltages in Silicon Carbide MOSFET Power Devices” 2018IEEE En. Conv. Cong. and Expo. (ECCE2018).
[17]J. Mari, F. Carastro, M.-J. Kell, P.Losee, T. Zoels “Diode snappiness from a user’s perspective” 2015, 17th European Conference on Power Electronicsand Applications (EPE'15 ECCE-Europe).
[18]R. Wu, F. Blaabjerg, H. Wang, M.Liserre, “Overview of catastrophic failures of freewheeling diodes in power electronic circuits”, Microelectronics Reliability, vol. 53, no.9-11, 2013,pp.:1788-1792.


“閱讀原文”,了解更多。